PSA Test for Prostate Cancer
Feb 1, 2026
PSA Test for Prostate Cancer
A PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test measures a protein produced by your prostate gland—elevated levels may indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostate inflammation, making it the primary screening tool for prostate cancer which affects 1 in 8 men in the UK. While not perfect, PSA testing saves lives by detecting prostate cancer early when treatment is most effective.
At Blood Test London, PSA testing costs from £245 with results in 2-3 days and A doctor always reviews every result.
What Is PSA and What Do Results Mean?
PSA (prostate-specific antigen) is a protein produced exclusively by prostate cells. Small amounts normally leak into the bloodstream, but higher levels can indicate prostate problems.
PSA Reference Ranges by Age
Age | Normal PSA Range | Concern Level |
|---|---|---|
40-49 | 0-2.5 ng/mL | >2.5 needs monitoring |
50-59 | 0-3.5 ng/mL | >3.5 needs investigation |
60-69 | 0-4.5 ng/mL | >4.5 needs investigation |
70+ | 0-6.5 ng/mL | >6.5 needs investigation |
Important: PSA increases naturally with age. A "normal" PSA for a 70-year-old would be concerning in a 45-year-old.
What Elevated PSA Can Mean
PSA Level | Possible Causes |
|---|---|
Mildly elevated (4-10) | BPH, prostatitis, recent ejaculation, cycling |
Moderately elevated (10-20) | Higher cancer risk, needs further testing |
Highly elevated (>20) | Significant cancer risk, urgent investigation |
PSA is not a cancer diagnosis—it's a screening tool. Many men with elevated PSA don't have cancer, and some men with cancer have normal PSA.
Who Should Get a PSA Test?
Recommended Testing
Men who should discuss PSA testing with a doctor:
Age 50+ (general population)
Age 45+ (Black African/Caribbean heritage—higher risk)
Age 40+ (family history of prostate cancer)
Any age with urinary symptoms
Symptoms That Warrant Testing
Difficulty starting urination
Weak urine flow
Frequent urination, especially at night
Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
Blood in urine or semen
Pain during urination or ejaculation
Lower back, hip, or pelvic pain
Understanding Your Results: Beyond the Number
Free PSA Ratio
We can also measure "free PSA" versus "bound PSA":
Higher free PSA ratio (>25%): More likely benign
Lower free PSA ratio (<10%): Higher cancer concern
PSA Velocity
How quickly your PSA changes over time matters:
Rise of >0.75 ng/mL per year: Concerning, needs investigation
Stable PSA: Reassuring, continue monitoring
PSA Density
PSA relative to prostate size (measured by ultrasound):
Higher density: More concerning
Lower density: Often benign enlargement
What Happens If PSA Is Elevated?
Repeat test to confirm (PSA can fluctuate)
Digital rectal exam (DRE) by a doctor
MRI scan of prostate if still concerning
Biopsy only if MRI shows suspicious areas
Modern approach: MRI-first strategy means fewer unnecessary biopsies than in the past.
How to Prepare for a PSA Test
Avoid these before testing (can falsely elevate PSA):
Ejaculation within 48 hours
Vigorous cycling within 48 hours
Prostate examination within 1 week
Urinary tract infection (wait until treated)
Prostate biopsy within 6 weeks
Prostate Health Optimisation
Diet and Lifestyle
Factor | Evidence |
|---|---|
Tomatoes (lycopene) | May reduce prostate cancer risk |
Cruciferous vegetables | Protective compounds |
Green tea | Antioxidant benefits |
Limit red meat | High intake associated with higher risk |
Maintain healthy weight | Obesity linked to aggressive cancer |
Regular exercise | Protective effect |
Supplements (Discuss with Doctor)
Selenium (mixed evidence)
Vitamin E (caution—some studies show harm)
Saw palmetto (for BPH symptoms, not cancer prevention)
Our PSA Testing Options
Basic PSA - £245
Total PSA
Doctor review
Comprehensive Prostate Health - £295
Total PSA
Free PSA and ratio
Doctor review and consultation
Men's Health Screen with PSA - £445
Full health MOT
PSA included
50+ markers
Book Your PSA Test via WhatsApp
Book Your PSA Test
Price: From £245
Results: 2-3 days
Doctor review: A doctor always reviews every result
Fasting required: No (but avoid ejaculation/cycling 48 hours before)
Phone: 020 3951 3429
FAQ
At what age should I start PSA testing?
Discuss with your doctor from age 50 (or 45 if Black heritage or family history). The NHS doesn't offer routine screening, but you can request it.
How often should I test?
If normal and low risk: every 2-3 years. If borderline or higher risk: annually or as advised.
Can PSA be elevated without cancer?
Yes—BPH, prostatitis, recent sexual activity, and age all increase PSA without cancer.
Is PSA testing controversial?
Somewhat. It can lead to overdiagnosis of slow-growing cancers. However, it also saves lives by detecting aggressive cancers early. Informed decision-making is key.
What if I'm anxious about the result?
Our doctors review every result and explain exactly what it means for you personally, including next steps if needed.
Blood Test London by The Wellness. PSA prostate testing from £245, results in 2-3 days.